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大腸桿菌感受態(tài)細(xì)胞制備及轉(zhuǎn)化中的影響因素有哪些?

時間:2023/11/6閱讀:612
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大腸桿菌,是一種伴隨我們終生的細(xì)菌,也是生物實(shí)驗(yàn)常用的模式生物。通過感受態(tài)細(xì)胞的制備和宿主細(xì)胞的轉(zhuǎn)化等操作實(shí)現(xiàn)基因工程改造,大腸桿菌便成為基因工程菌,并造福人類。本期跟隨百奧創(chuàng)新的腳步,讓我們一起來了解大腸桿菌感受態(tài)細(xì)胞制備及轉(zhuǎn)化中的影響因素有哪些?

1. 細(xì)胞的生長狀態(tài)和密度
最好從-70℃或-20℃甘油保存的菌種中直接轉(zhuǎn)接用于制備感受態(tài)細(xì)胞的菌液。細(xì)胞生長密度以每毫升培養(yǎng)液中的細(xì)胞數(shù)在5×107個左右為佳。即應(yīng)用對數(shù)期或?qū)?shù)生長前期的細(xì)菌可通過測定培養(yǎng)液的OD600控制。對TG1菌株OD600為0.5時細(xì)胞密度在5×107個/ml左右。(應(yīng)注意OD600值與細(xì)胞數(shù)之間的關(guān)系隨菌株的不同而不同)。密度過高或不足均會使轉(zhuǎn)化率下降。此外受體細(xì)胞一般應(yīng)是限制-修飾系統(tǒng)缺陷的突變株,即不含限制性內(nèi)切酶和甲基化酶的突變株。并且受體細(xì)胞還應(yīng)與所轉(zhuǎn)化的載體性質(zhì)相匹配。制備出的感受態(tài)細(xì)胞暫時不用時,可加入占總體積10%-15%的無菌甘油或-70℃保存
2. 質(zhì)粒DNA的質(zhì)量和濃度
用于轉(zhuǎn)化的質(zhì)粒DNA應(yīng)主要是超螺旋態(tài)的,轉(zhuǎn)化率與外源DNA的濃度在一定范圍內(nèi)成正比,但當(dāng)加入的外源DNA的量過多或體積過大時,則會使轉(zhuǎn)化率下降。一般地,DNA溶液的體積不應(yīng)超過感受態(tài)細(xì)胞體積的5%,1ng的cccDNA即可使50ul的感受態(tài)細(xì)胞達(dá)到飽和。對于以質(zhì)粒為載體的重組分子而言,分子量大的轉(zhuǎn)化效率低,實(shí)驗(yàn)證明,大于30kb的重組質(zhì)粒將很難進(jìn)行轉(zhuǎn)化。此外,重組DNA分子的構(gòu)型與轉(zhuǎn)化效率也密切相關(guān),環(huán)狀重組質(zhì)粒的轉(zhuǎn)化率較分子量相同的線性重組質(zhì)粒高10~100倍,因此重組DNA大都構(gòu)成環(huán)狀雙螺旋分子。
3. 試劑的質(zhì)量
所用的CaCl2等試劑均需是最高純度的,并用最純凈的水配制,最好分裝保存于4℃。
4. 防止雜菌和雜DNA的污染
整個操作過程均應(yīng)在無菌條件下進(jìn)行,所用器皿,如離心管、移液槍頭等最好是新的,并經(jīng)高壓滅菌處理。所有的試劑都要滅菌,且注意防止被其它試劑、DNA酶或雜DNA所污染,否則均會影響轉(zhuǎn)化效率或雜DNA的轉(zhuǎn)入。
5. 整個操作均需在冰上進(jìn)行,不能離開冰浴,否則細(xì)胞轉(zhuǎn)化率將會降低。
以上就是有關(guān)于大腸桿菌感受態(tài)細(xì)胞制備及轉(zhuǎn)化中的影響因素有哪些的問題解答,如果你想了解更多請咨詢百奧創(chuàng)新客服哦!


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