1756-OC8
1756-OC8
PLC:轉(zhuǎn)換原理
1. 數(shù)模轉(zhuǎn)換器是將數(shù)字信號轉(zhuǎn)換為模擬信號的系統(tǒng),一般用低通濾波即可以實現(xiàn)。數(shù)字信號*行解碼,即把數(shù)字碼轉(zhuǎn)換成與之對應(yīng)的電平,形成階梯狀信號,然后進行低通濾波。
根據(jù)信號與系統(tǒng)的理論,數(shù)字階梯狀信號可以看作理想沖激采樣信號和矩形脈沖信號的卷積,那么由卷積定理,數(shù)字信號的頻譜就是沖激采樣信號的頻譜與矩形脈沖頻譜(即Sa函數(shù))的乘積。這樣,用Sa函數(shù)的倒數(shù)作為頻譜特性補償,由數(shù)字信號便可恢復(fù)為采樣信號。由采樣定理,采樣信號的頻譜想低通濾波便得到原來模擬信號的頻譜。
一般實現(xiàn)時,不是直接依據(jù)這些原理,因為尖銳的采樣信號很難獲得,因此,這兩次濾波(Sa函數(shù)和理想低通)可以合并(級聯(lián)),并且由于這各系統(tǒng)的濾波特性是物理不可實現(xiàn)的,所以在真實的系統(tǒng)中只能近似完成。
2. 模數(shù)轉(zhuǎn)換器是將模擬信號轉(zhuǎn)換成數(shù)字信號的系統(tǒng),是一個濾波、采樣保持和編碼的過程。
模擬信號經(jīng)帶限濾波,采樣保持電路,變?yōu)殡A梯形狀信號,然后通過編碼器, 使得階梯狀信號中的各個電平變?yōu)槎M制碼。
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