配件8MSA2L.R0-42 伺服電機(jī)8MSA2L.R0-42 B&R 進(jìn)口全新
配件8MSA2L.R0-42 伺服電機(jī)8MSA2L.R0-42 B&R 進(jìn)口全新
配件8MSA2L.R0-42 伺服電機(jī)8MSA2L.R0-42 B&R 進(jìn)口全新
人們根據(jù)機(jī)器人的智力水平?jīng)Q定其所屬的機(jī)器人代別。
零代機(jī)器人——受控機(jī)器人,不具備任何智力性能,是由人來(lái)掌握操縱的機(jī)械手;
一代機(jī)器人——可以訓(xùn)練的機(jī)器人,擁有存儲(chǔ)器,由人操作,動(dòng)作的計(jì)劃和程序由人,它只是記住 (接受訓(xùn)練的能力)和再現(xiàn)出來(lái);
二代機(jī)器人——感覺(jué)機(jī)器人,機(jī)器人記住人安排的計(jì)劃后,再依據(jù)外界這樣或那樣的數(shù)據(jù) (反饋)算出動(dòng)作的具體程序;
三代機(jī)器人——智能機(jī)器人,人目標(biāo)后,機(jī)器人獨(dú)自編制操作計(jì)劃,依據(jù)實(shí)際情況確定動(dòng)作程序,然后把動(dòng)作變?yōu)椴僮鳈C(jī)構(gòu)的運(yùn)動(dòng)。因此,它有廣泛的感覺(jué)系統(tǒng)、智能、模擬裝置(周?chē)闆r及自身——機(jī)器人的意識(shí)和自我意識(shí))。智能的發(fā)達(dá)是三代機(jī)器人的一個(gè)重要特征。
在各國(guó)的智能機(jī)器人發(fā)展中,美國(guó)的智能機(jī)器人技術(shù)在上一直處于*地位,其技術(shù)全面、*,適應(yīng)性也很強(qiáng),性能可靠、功能全面、精確度高,其視覺(jué)、觸覺(jué)等人工智能技術(shù)已在航天、汽車(chē)工業(yè)中廣泛應(yīng)用。日本由于一系列扶植政策,各類(lèi)機(jī)器人包括智能機(jī)器人的發(fā)展迅速。歐洲各國(guó)在智能機(jī)器人的研究和應(yīng)用方面在世界上處于*的*地位[5]。中國(guó)起步較晚,而后進(jìn)入了大力發(fā)展的時(shí)期,以期以機(jī)器人為媒介物推動(dòng)整個(gè)制造業(yè)的改變,推動(dòng)整個(gè)高技術(shù)產(chǎn)業(yè)的壯大[4]。
智能機(jī)器人具有廣闊的發(fā)展前景,目前機(jī)器人的研究正處于三代智能機(jī)器人階段,盡管?chē)?guó)內(nèi)外對(duì)此的研究已經(jīng)取得了許多成果,但其智能化水平仍然不盡人意。未來(lái)的智能機(jī)器人應(yīng)當(dāng)在以下幾方面著力發(fā)展:面向任務(wù),由于目前人工智能還不能提供實(shí)現(xiàn)智能機(jī)器的完整理論和方法,已有的人工智能技術(shù)大多數(shù)要依賴(lài)領(lǐng)域知識(shí),因此當(dāng)我們把機(jī)器要完成的任務(wù)加以限定,及發(fā)展面向任務(wù)的特種機(jī)器人,那么已有的人工智能技術(shù)就能發(fā)揮作用,使開(kāi)發(fā)這種類(lèi)型的智能機(jī)器人成為可能;傳感技術(shù)和集成技術(shù),在現(xiàn)有傳感器的基礎(chǔ)上發(fā)展更好、更*的處理方法和其實(shí)現(xiàn)手段,或者尋找新型傳感器,同時(shí)提高集成技術(shù),增加信息的融合;機(jī)器人網(wǎng)絡(luò)化,利用通信網(wǎng)絡(luò)技術(shù)將各種機(jī)器人連接到計(jì)算機(jī)網(wǎng)絡(luò)上,并通過(guò)網(wǎng)絡(luò)對(duì)機(jī)器人進(jìn)行有效的控制;智能控制中的軟計(jì)算方法,與傳統(tǒng)的計(jì)算方法相比,以模糊邏輯、基于概率論的推理、神經(jīng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)、遺傳算法和混沌為代表的軟計(jì)算技術(shù)具有更高的魯棒性、易用性及計(jì)算的低耗費(fèi)性等優(yōu)點(diǎn),應(yīng)用到機(jī)器人技術(shù)中,可以提高其問(wèn)題求解速度,較好地處理多變量、非線性系統(tǒng)的問(wèn)題;機(jī)器學(xué)習(xí),各種機(jī)器學(xué)習(xí)算法的出現(xiàn)推動(dòng)了人工智能的發(fā)展,強(qiáng)化學(xué)習(xí)、蟻群算法、免疫算法等可以用到機(jī)器人系統(tǒng)中,使其具有類(lèi)似人的學(xué)習(xí)能力,以適應(yīng)日益復(fù)雜的、不確定和非結(jié)構(gòu)化的環(huán)境;智能人機(jī)接口,人機(jī)交互的需求越來(lái)越向簡(jiǎn)單化、多樣化、智能化、人性化方向發(fā)展,因此需要研究并設(shè)計(jì)各種智能人機(jī)接口如多語(yǔ)種語(yǔ)音、自然語(yǔ)言理解、圖像、手寫(xiě)字識(shí)別等,以更好地適應(yīng)不同的用戶(hù)和不同的應(yīng)用任務(wù),提高人與機(jī)器人交互的和諧性; 多機(jī)器人協(xié)調(diào)作業(yè),組織和控制多個(gè)機(jī)器人來(lái)協(xié)作完成單機(jī)器人無(wú)法完成的復(fù)雜任務(wù),在復(fù)雜未知環(huán)境下實(shí)現(xiàn)實(shí)時(shí)推理反應(yīng)以及交互的群體決策和操作[5]。
科學(xué)家們認(rèn)為,智能機(jī)器人的研發(fā)方向是,給機(jī)器人裝上“大腦芯片”,從而使其智能性更強(qiáng),在認(rèn)知學(xué) 習(xí)、自動(dòng)組織、對(duì)模糊信息的綜合處理等方面將會(huì)前進(jìn)一大步。雖然有人表示擔(dān)憂(yōu):這種裝有“大腦芯片”的智能機(jī)器人將來(lái)是否會(huì)在智能上超越人類(lèi),甚至?xí)?duì)人類(lèi)造成威脅?但不少科學(xué)家認(rèn)為,這類(lèi)擔(dān)心是*沒(méi)有必要的。就智能而言,目前機(jī)器人的智商相當(dāng)于4歲兒童的智商,而機(jī)器人的“常識(shí)”比起正常成年人就差得更遠(yuǎn)了。美國(guó)科學(xué)家羅伯特·斯隆教授日前說(shuō):“我們距離能夠以8歲兒童的能力回答復(fù)雜問(wèn)題的、具有常識(shí)的人工智能程序仍然很遙遠(yuǎn)。”日本科學(xué)家廣瀨茂男教授也認(rèn)為:即使機(jī)器人將來(lái)具有常識(shí)并能進(jìn)行自我復(fù)制,也不可能對(duì)人類(lèi)造成威脅。值得一提的是,機(jī)器人并非*;它在工作強(qiáng)度、運(yùn)算速度和記憶功能方面可以超越人類(lèi),但在意識(shí)、推理等方面不可能超越人類(lèi)。另外,機(jī)器人會(huì)越來(lái)越“聰明”,但只能按照制定的原則綱領(lǐng)行動(dòng),服務(wù)人類(lèi)、造福人類(lèi)。
ANELVA 844-9508-W O-RING
ANELVA 844-9508-X O-RING, SKINPACK, X (6")
ANELVA 844-9680 ORIFACE FITTING JIG
ANELVA 845-1501 FILTER ASSY
ANELVA 845-4184 FUSE, LITTLE FUSE 10 (326010)
ANELVA 849-4077-80 D/A MODULE
ANELVA 852-0424 SHIELD, CHAMBER
ANELVA 853-0698 SHIELD, COVER FERRULLE
ANELVA 853-1547 MG MOTOR DRIVE PCB (ILC1013)
ANELVA 854-0251 TUBE, SHIELD
ANELVA 854-0257 STOPPER, SHUTTER
ANELVA 854-0378B SHIELD, STOPPER
ANELVA 854-0387 STOPPER 1 (6")
ANELVA 854-1048 SHIELD, ALUMINUM COVER
ANELVA 854-1355E O-RING, "E" FOR PY3 BELT
ANELVA 854-1355F O-RING, "F" FOR PY3 BELT
ANELVA 854-1355G BELT, PY3 SKIN "PACK G FOR 5"
ANELVA 854-1355H BELT, PY3 SKIN "PACK H FOR 5"
ANELVA 854-1355I O-RING, "I" FOR PY3 BELT
ANELVA 854-1355J O-RING "J" FOR PY3 BELT
ANELVA 854-1355K O-RING, "K" FOR PY3 BELT
ANELVA 854-1355L BELT, PY3 SKIN "PACK L FOR 5"
ANELVA 854-1355M O-RING "M" FOR PY3 BELT
ANELVA 854-1355N O-RING, "N" FOR PY3 BELT
ANELVA 854-1499 STOPPER SHIELD
ANELVA 854-1500C SHIELD, (2) C AT SHUTTER
ANELVA 854-2373 GASKET, GV 60
ANELVA 854-7060 BEARING, SM8 PLATED
ANELVA 85410 DESSICANT, OIL MIST
ANELVA 863-9216 POWERSUPPLY SWITCH
ANELVA 869-8097-001 CABLE, ASSY, COMPUTER
ANELVA 890-0013 PRECISION ADJ. PRESSURE SWITCH (ROBITECH)
ANELVA 890-0017-06 GAUGE
ANELVA 909-0508 CABLE ASSY
ANELVA 9170-SS513 O RING AS568 #170 (N33039292)
ANELVA 94-8481-00817 DRKV CMA SCREW CAPS
ANELVA 95-11101215 SEAL
ANELVA 95-11204425 O-RING SEP MV (N33001207)
ANELVA 95-11204495 O-RING
ANELVA 95-11204585 GASKET 953-9210
ANELVA 95-11317855-1A MEKA LOCK SA16
ANELVA 95-11508985 BC30CA AC SERVO MOTOR
ANELVA 95-20203 ABSORBER FOR CRC-420
ANELVA 989-0001 CHAIN ASSY SENSOR
ANELVA 989-0047 FLAT CABLE
ANELVA 999-0065 VALVE CHECK TEFLON 1079
ANELVA A-14-37594 HEATER CIRCULAR PY124X24
ANELVA A11-23422 FACING ELECTRODE UPPER PLATE SHIELD
ANELVA A11-25577 AL SHUTTERLESS PUMPING SHIEKD FOR LT-TI/LT-TIN
ANELVA A11-25580 SUS SHUTTERLESS PUMPING SHIELD FOR AL-CU
ANELVA A11-26164 ANELVA TARGET SHIELD FOR TIN KITS
ANELVA A11-26167 ANELVA TARGET SHIELD FOR AL-CU
ANELVA A11-26249-4 RING SHIELD 8" FOR FULL FACE
ANELVA A11-26474 WAFER HOLDER FOR 1060
ANELVA A11-27494 SP LOCK CYLINDER INTER-STOP ANE
ANELVA A11-32475 COVER RING FOR TIN + LT/TIN ANELVA KITS
ANELVA A11-34807 ANELVA COVER RING FOR AL-CU KITS
ANELVA A11-35563 I-4100PW396 COVER H250
ANELVA A11-36138 ANELVA LT-TIN TARGET SHIELD
ANELVA A11-62766-02 EXHAUST CHAMBER SHIELD (UP)
ANELVA A12-00838 HOLDER SHIELD PLATE
ANELVA A12-02158 BELT ASSY CL C
ANELVA A12-03382 SHIELD, COVER (3)
ANELVA A12-04234 SHIELD, RING HOLDER
ANELVA A12-05166 UP/DOWN CYLINDER ASSY
ANELVA A12-05168 UP/DOWN CYLINDER ASSY FOR UPPER ARM AM2
ANELVA A12-18477 INFUSION RING 4*306AGS
ANELVA A12-19168-04 SEP ARM CONT. PCB ASSY
ANELVA A12-23608 WAFER PRESSER FOR 5"
ANELVA A12-23608-5 WAFER PRESSER FOR 6"
ANELVA A12-35545 CHAMBER SHIELD (SUS)
ANELVA A12-35545-3 CHAMBER SHIELD (SUS)
ANELVA A12-50021 FORK SEP, 8"
ANELVA A12-50284 ANELVA ETCH COUNTER ELECTRODE
ANELVA A12-50284-04 SHIELD RING
ANELVA A12-54511 CHAMBER SHIELD (PARTS ASSY A12-02500)
ANELVA A12-54512 CHAMBER SHIELD No.2 (PART ASSY A12-02500)
ANELVA A12-54513 CHAMBER SHIELD No. 3 (PART ASSY A12-02500)
ANELVA A12-56647-3 ETCH SHIELD GATE VALVE
ANELVA A12-58065 PY281 TEFLON RING
ANELVA A12-58466-4 UPPER SHIELD
ANELVA A12-58467 UPPER SHIELD (SS)
ANELVA A12-58467-03 UPPER SHIELD (SS)
ANELVA A12-58592 RING HOLDER PY221
ANELVA A12-58599 PY 8" WAFER HOLDER COMPLETE SP
ANELVA A12-62133 PY 232 RING HOLDER COMPLATE SP
ANELVA A12-62134 PY254 RING HOLDER
ANELVA A12-66274 SHIELD RING
ANELVA A12-66777 LOWER SHIELD
ANELVA A12-66778 SHIELD LOWER (2) AL
ANELVA A12-67384 SENSOR SHIELD PLATE
ANELVA A12-68479 228 SHIELD RING FOR 5" ETCH
ANELVA A12-72127 BATCH SENSOR
ANELVA A12-72506 FULL FACE SP HOLDER PEDESTAL COVER
ANELVA A12-72507 ANELVA 6-HOLE DEPO RING FOR LONG THROW TIN/TIN
ANELVA A12-74514 ONE PIECE ELECTRODE COVER (CATHODE)
ANELVA A12-75163 INTERMEDIATE RING (CATHODE)
ANELVA A12-77089 ANELVA 12 HOLE DEPO RING FOR AL-CU KITS
ANELVA A12-79742 COUNTER ELECTRODE (DIA.306) COVER (ANODE)
ANELVA A12-81093 LONG THROW TI & LONG THROW TIN 4 PIECE TARGET FIXTURE
ANELVA A13-00349 PLATE FIXTURE
ANELVA A13-02288-03A CYLINDER, BELLOWS
ANELVA A13-02349 CONTROLLER DISPLAY MASTER
ANELVA A13-06256 FLANGE, LOWER, WELDED
ANELVA A13-07103 FLOW METER, PCB
ANELVA A13-10256 QUARTZ ARM POINT FIND JIG (6")
ANELVA A13-10292 PIN, PNT, JS, ARM, QUARTZ
ANELVA A13-26379 POWER CONTROLLER 2.5KW
ANELVA A13-30252 FULL SIZE EXTENDER
ANELVA A13-30291 PC BOARD ASSY HALF SIZE EXTENDER
ANELVA A13-32336 CONVERTER A/D 8 CHANNEL
ANELVA A13-32338 CONVERTER D/A 8 CHANNEL
ANELVA A13-34807 CA AMP PCB
ANELVA A13-40566 SHIELD, TARGET FIXTURE (2 PIECES)