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免疫組化(IHC)實(shí)驗(yàn)步驟是怎樣的呢?

時(shí)間:2023/10/31閱讀:448
分享:

做實(shí)驗(yàn)時(shí)最基礎(chǔ)的就是深刻的銘記原理,如此在實(shí)驗(yàn)的實(shí)操階段才能真正做到胸有成竹。簡(jiǎn)單來(lái)說(shuō),免疫組化就是一項(xiàng)利用抗原抗體反應(yīng)來(lái)確定組織細(xì)胞內(nèi)抗原和對(duì)蛋白定位、定性的實(shí)驗(yàn)技術(shù)。免疫組化(IHC)實(shí)驗(yàn)步驟是怎樣的呢?一起來(lái)學(xué)習(xí)一下吧!

1.脫蠟與水化:將石蠟切片放置于60°烤箱烤片30-60min,這一步是為了使蠟片水分蒸發(fā)和石蠟融化,好讓組織切片牢固地貼在玻片上。而后依次將其放入二甲苯I、II、III各10min,乙醇梯度(高至低:100%、95%、80%、70%)各2min,水洗5min(不要直接對(duì)著切片沖洗)。PBS洗3次,3 min/次。
 

2.細(xì)胞通透與封閉:用預(yù)熱的封閉通透液(40ml PBS+120ul TritonX-100+400ul 30%H2O2)浸潤(rùn)切片30min(RT 避光),降低內(nèi)源性過(guò)氧化物酶的活性。PBS洗3次,3 min/次。

 

3.抗原修復(fù):由于制作石蠟切片時(shí),甲醛固定使得蛋白之間交聯(lián)及醛基的封閉作用從而失去抗原性,這一步就是讓胞內(nèi)的抗原決定簇重新“滿血復(fù)活"。

 

比較常用的是微波修復(fù),pH 6.0的0.01M檸檬酸鈉緩沖液浸泡切片,在微波爐里高火4min至沸騰后,取出自然冷卻至室溫,重復(fù)2次,每次補(bǔ)足液體以免干片。(當(dāng)然有的朋友用酶修復(fù)法也是可以的)。PBS洗3次,3 min/次。

 

4.血清封閉:用與二抗同一來(lái)源的血清封閉一些非特異性結(jié)合位點(diǎn)。此時(shí)可用油性筆圍繞組織畫(huà)圈,并對(duì)圈內(nèi)的組織滴加稀釋好的血清,37℃溫箱中30min,用濾紙吸去多余的血清。

 

5.孵育一抗:對(duì)圈內(nèi)的組織(面積為1×1)滴加稀釋好的一抗20ul,4℃過(guò)夜或者37℃ 1-2h。PBS洗3次,3 min/次。(一般4℃過(guò)夜后,需要將切片放置37℃復(fù)溫45min,防止脫片以及可使抗原抗體結(jié)合的更穩(wěn)定)

 

6.孵育二抗:對(duì)圈內(nèi)的組織(面積為1×1)滴加稀釋好的二抗20ul,37℃ 1-2h,PBS洗3次,3 min/次。

 

7.切片顯色:用DAB-H2O2顯色10min,顯色液最好是現(xiàn)用現(xiàn)配,此時(shí)要通過(guò)顯微鏡觀察染色是否明顯,10min內(nèi)即可用蒸餾水終止顯色。

 

8.復(fù)染及封片:為了形成細(xì)胞輪廓,更好的定位目標(biāo)蛋白,可用Mayer蘇木素染色30s,水洗,鹽酸酒精分化2s,流水浸入15min。脫水時(shí),乙醇梯度(由低至高:50%、70%、95%、100%)各2min。二甲苯5min使切片透明化,最后加入中性樹(shù)膠封片(一般封片后最好立即拍照,若不能及時(shí)拍照,可用指甲油封固并保持好避光和濕度)。 

以上就是關(guān)于免疫組化(IHC)實(shí)驗(yàn)步驟是怎樣的問(wèn)題解答,如果你想了解更多請(qǐng)咨詢百奧創(chuàng)新客服哦~


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