進口三螺桿泵(美國進口品牌)
工作原理:
三螺桿泵是利用螺桿的回轉來吸排液體的。圖1表示三螺桿泵的剖視圖。圖中,中間螺桿為主動螺桿,由原動機帶動回轉,兩邊的螺桿為從動螺桿,隨主動螺桿作反向旋轉。主、從動螺桿的螺紋均為雙頭螺紋。
由于各螺桿的相互嚙合以及螺桿與襯筒內壁的緊密配合,在泵的吸入口和排出口之間,就會被分隔成一個或多個密封空間。隨著螺桿的轉動和嚙合,這些密封空間在泵的吸入端不斷形成,將吸入室中的液體封入其中,并自吸入室沿螺桿軸向連續(xù)地推移至排出端。
將封閉在各空間中的液體不斷排出,猶如一在螺紋回轉時被不斷向前推進的情形那樣,這就是螺桿泵的基本工作原理。
結構說明:
三螺桿泵的內部結構主要由一根主動螺桿 (簡稱主桿)、兩根從動螺桿 (簡稱從桿)和包容這三根螺桿的襯套組成。主桿為凸型雙頭螺紋,從桿為凹型雙頭螺紋,二者的螺旋方向相反。
三螺桿泵屬于容積式泵,它的壓力決定于與它連接的系統(tǒng)的總阻力。為了防止由于某種原因使管路的阻力突然增加,以至使泵的壓力超過允許值而損壞泵、原動機或管路系統(tǒng),泵必須配帶安全閥或其他過壓保護裝置。
三螺桿泵工作時,由于兩從動螺桿與主動螺桿左右對稱嚙合,故作用在主動螺桿上的徑向力*平衡,主動螺桿不承受彎曲負荷。從動螺桿所受徑向力沿其整個長度都由泵缸襯套來支承,因此,不需要在外端另設軸承,基本上也不承受彎曲負荷。在運行中,螺桿外圓表面和泵缸內壁之間形成的一層油膜,可防止金屬之間的直接接觸,使螺桿齒面的磨損大大減少。
三螺桿泵工作時,兩端分別作用著液體的吸排壓力,因此對螺桿要產生軸向推力。對于壓差小于10千克力/cm2的小型泵,可以采用止推軸承。此外,還通過主動螺桿的*油孔將高壓油引入各螺桿軸套的底部,從而在螺桿下端產生一個與軸向推力方向相反的平衡推力。螺桿泵和其它容積泵一樣,當泵的排出口*封閉時,泵內的壓力就會上升到使泵損壞或使電動機過載的危險程度。所以,在泵的吸排口處,就必須設置安全閥。
(美國ARCADIA阿卡迪亞)
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